The 26-year-old tore a ligament in his left knee during training with Barca in September and after an operation has spent nearly seven months working his way back to fitness.
Afellay's return is a boost for Pep Guardiola's side for the last few weeks of the campaign as they chase trophies on three fronts.
Barca lie second in La Liga, play a Champions League semi-final against Chelsea this month and face Athletic Bilbao in the King's Cup final on May 25.
Afellay, who was a part of the Dutch squad who lost to Spain in the World Cup final in 2010,could also be back in the running for a place in their squad at Euro 2012 in June.
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'Andy Robertson has a decision to make as a player, where you either roll your sleeves up and give someone great competition or you accept decisions and say that your time is done.' Alan Shearer on the conundrum facing Arne Slot's Liverpool
