Johnson, who played under Mourinho at Chelsea from 2004-2006, said he could not trust the Portuguese during his time at Stamford Bridge but believes he has a genuine relationship with Rodgers at Liverpool.
The now 29-year-old was just 18 when he signed for Chelsea from West Ham and argued Mourinho was always sceptical of him because of his age.
"It was difficult for me under Jose at Chelsea because there was a moment when he said I deserved to play on merit," Johnson told the Daily Mail.
"He said if I played well in the next game I would play the week after. I got man of the match so he couldn't drop me.
"Then in the next game he said the same thing and I got man of the match again.
"Then we had another game and after that Barcelona. I remember speaking to my agent and saying, 'he won't play me in this game because if I play well then he has to play me against Barcelona', and I knew that wasn't going to happen.
"He didn't play me in that game and from that moment I just lost it and thought, 'well, how am I meant to respect you now? It's just finished'.
'Brendan wouldn't do that. He's shown that if you're good enough you're old enough and you'll play in the big games if you deserve to.
"So in terms of man-management, Brendan is definitely better."
Johnson is happy to label Mourinho as 'one of the best of the world' despite his history with the Portuguese but says Rodgers is different.
"Some managers like the thought of playing the way Brendan does but haven't got the confidence or knowhow to pull it off," Johnson said of Rodgers' possession-based philosophy.
"Others would probably have panicked and changed their philosophy just to try and win.
"But Brendan was mentally strong enough and knew what he was trying to implement was right and that once we grabbed hold of it we would be a success."
Liverpool sit second in the Premier League table, four points behind leaders Chelsea, and Johnson believes improved mental strength has been the difference for Rodgers' men this season.
"In previous seasons, when Stoke (in January) pegged us back to 2-2, people would have crumbled or not felt relaxed enough to play their own game and we might have drawn or even lost," Johnson said.
"So to score five and get three points at a ground where we hadn't won in the Premier League was a big statement. We are a different side now."
